How to prevent the spread of AIDS?

AIDS was first reported on June 5, 1981 by the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta, USA. It was officially named "AIDS" in 1982. In June 1985, the first case of AIDS appeared in my country. As of September 2007, my country has reported more than 220,000 HIV infections. The development trend of AIDS in the world is: the developed countries are in a downward trend, while the developing countries are in a sharp upward trend.

HIV belongs to the retroviridae and lentivirus genus. Due to the biological characteristics of HIV, HIV has the characteristics of high mutation and rapid replication, and it is very difficult to develop vaccines and single effective drugs for treatment. At present, the world's highly effective antiviral therapy (HARRT, combined with cocktail) treatment can only extend the patient's survival period to a limited extent but cannot completely remove the virus.

• HIV is transmitted among people through three ways: blood transmission, sexual transmission, and mother-to-child transmission

• HIV is not easy to spread, only direct body fluid communication can cause infection

• Daily contact will not spread

Infectious body fluids include

•blood

•semen

•Vaginal discharge

•Cerebrospinal fluid

• Amniotic fluid

• pleural effusion, ascites

•Pericardial fluid

• Synovial fluid

• All body fluids with visible blood contamination

No infectious body fluid is

•saliva

• tears

• Sweat

• urine

•stool

1. Cut off the source of infection. Strengthen the monitoring and quarantine of AIDS to find more infected people, reduce blind transmission behavior; strengthen public security management, joint ministries and commissions to combat the source of sexual transmission; eliminate the phenomenon of intravenous drug abuse; strengthen the management of blood products, prohibit contaminated blood products Infusion

2. Interruption of transmission: use clean needles; use condoms; strictly sterilize to avoid iatrogenic infections. (Link—Medical staff should wear isolation clothing and gloves when contacting AIDS patients to prevent the needles and medical equipment used by patients from puncturing the skin. Avoid direct contact with the patient's blood, body fluids and contaminants. Patient's clothing And articles can be sterilized with 1:10 bleach or 1:10 sodium chlorate solution. The patient's body needs to be sealed with a material bag and then cremated. The patient's secretions, excreta and waste products need to be treated in a sealed plastic bag or burned. )

3. Protection of susceptible people: vigorously popularize AIDS knowledge, do a good job of publicity, so that the people understand the etiology, epidemic situation, transmission routes and preventive measures of the disease, and correct understanding of AIDS can only actively and effectively protect susceptible people, and then care and assistance Only AIDS families and people living with HIV can fight against discrimination and control the AIDS epidemic harmoniously and effectively.